Physics calculator

Cantilever Deflection Calculator

Free-end deflection of a cantilever with one concentrated load at the tip. δ = P L³/(3 E I). I is an input. Runs locally.

Instant result

Result

—

Enter values to calculate.

Inputs—

Mode—

Formula—

Trust summary Engine tested · Source checked · 4/4 tests · Production surface contract 6/6 · v1.0.0

Input interpretation: Enter values to calculate.
Result: —
Model: Free-end deflection of a cantilever with one concentrated load at the tip.
Scope: Calculation runs locally in the browser; values are not uploaded.
Verification: Engine tested · 4/4 tests · Production surface contract 6/6 · Source checked · v1.0.0
Named expert review: Optional · Not performed
Sources: Hibbeler, Mechanics of Materials — Deflection of beams — cantilever with a concentrated load at the free end
Sources
Evidence: 2 golden · 2 boundary · Production surface contract 6/6 · Artifact integrity PASS
Production: Embedded snapshot: unpublished · Build schema 1.0.0 ready · Semantic contract ✓ · Attestation report not published on origin · Live production status STALE (8 capabilities; 189 remain CURRENT) @ 2026-09-23T21:48:15.717Z
Semantic contract: PASS

Formulas

Core equations used by this calculator.

Tip deflectionδ = P L³ / (3 E I)

iI comes from a section page. This page does not rebuild a rectangle, a circle, or a hollow circle. A simply supported span and a distributed load are their own pages.

How to use

Enter the load, the length, the modulus, and the area moment

L, E, and I must be positive. P may be negative. Positive P is the positive deflection direction. P, L, E, and I share one unit system, and δ then has the unit of L.

Read the free-end deflection

δ = P L³/(3 E I). The sign of P is the sign of δ.

Example calculations

Common configurations with formula and result.

Length 2

P = 48, L = 2, E = 1, I = 1, in one consistent unit system

δ = 48 × 2³ / (3 × 1 × 1)

δ = 128

Same numbers on a simply supported span

P = 48, L = 2, E = 1, I = 1 on the beam-deflection page

δ_cantilever / δ_simple = 16

δ = 128 here, δ = 8 on the simply supported page

Cantilever Deflection calculator specification

Version 1.0.0 · Engine tested

Calculation status

Engine tested 4/4 tests · Production surface contract 6/6
Named expert review Not performed
Calculation version 1.0.0

Review policy · Evidence

Definition: A cantilever of length L is fixed at one end and carries one concentrated load P at the free end. The deflection at the load is δ = P L³ / (3 E I). E is the elastic modulus. I is the centroidal area moment, typed in.
What it calculates: Free-end deflection of a cantilever with one concentrated load at the tip.
Inputs: P
L
E
I
Outputs: delta
P
L
E
I
Formula: δ = P L³ / (3 E I).
Assumptions: Calculation runs locally in the browser; values are not uploaded.
Keep units consistent with the labels on each field.
I comes from a section page. This page does not rebuild a rectangle, a circle, or a hollow circle. A simply supported span and a distributed load are their own pages.
Units: P, L, E, and I set the deflection unit. δ has the unit of length when those four are consistent.
Boundary conditions: missing P, L, E, or I → MISSING_REQUIRED_INPUT
L ≤ 0, E ≤ 0, or I ≤ 0 → VALUE_MUST_BE_POSITIVE
Example: P=48 L=2 E=1 I=1 → δ=128
Validation cases: 3 published on this page · 4/4 tests · Production surface contract 6/6 · View evidence
P=48 L=2 E=1 I=1 → δ=128
P=-48 L=2 E=1 I=1 → δ=-128
L=0 → VALUE_MUST_BE_POSITIVE
Sources: Hibbeler, Mechanics of Materials — Deflection of beams — cantilever with a concentrated load at the free end
Supports: The deflection at the free end is P L³ / (3 E I) when the load sits at the tip of a cantilever.
Calculation version: 1.0.0

Background

Interpretation and common distinctions.

Find the free-end deflection of a cantilever with one concentrated load at the tip.

Supported and not supported

Supported: δ = P L³/(3 E I). Positive P is the positive deflection direction. Aliases are load, force, F, span, length, youngs, modulus, Ix, and inertia.

Not supported: a simply supported span, a distributed load, a point between the support and the tip, and rebuilding I from a section. /calc/mechanical is not open.

Agent / API notes

Capability id: mechanical.statics.cantilever_deflection · tool id: cantilever-deflection · pin 1.0.0.

{ "P": 48, "L": 2, "E": 1, "I": 1 }

Share the link with P, L, E, and I. The result is not written into the link.

Other calculators in this family: Beam deflection, Bending stress, Rectangular section .

}

Frequently asked questions

Key distinctions behind the calculation.

Where is the deflection reported?

At the free end, under the concentrated load. A point between the support and the tip is not this page.

Does this rebuild the area moment?

No. I is an input. A rectangle, a circle, and a hollow circle stay on their section pages.

Is a simply supported span included?

No. Midspan deflection of a simply supported span is its own page.