{
  "capability_id": "physics.fluid.pump",
  "tool_id": "pump-power",
  "engine": "pump-power",
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  "generated_at": "2026-09-17T02:45:35.818Z",
  "engine_build": "2026-09-17",
  "test_count": 16,
  "passed": 16,
  "failed": 0,
  "tests_summary": {
    "golden": {
      "total": 1,
      "passed": 1
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    "boundary": {
      "total": 10,
      "passed": 10
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    "property": {
      "total": 5,
      "passed": 5
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  "engine_tested": true,
  "expert_reviewed": false,
  "internally_reviewed": false,
  "review_kind": null,
  "source_checked": true,
  "reviewed_by": null,
  "reviewer_role": null,
  "last_reviewed": null,
  "expert_review": {
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    "reviewer": null,
    "scope": [
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      "input semantics",
      "assumptions",
      "limitations",
      "sources",
      "tests"
    ],
    "note": "Domain expert review is optional under CVP (CVP-EXP-01). Absence does not block CVP Verified. See Review policy for supplemental domain assurance."
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  "internal_review": {
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    "reviewer": null
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  "page": "https://www.calculatorx.com/calc/physics/pump-power",
  "api": "https://www.calculatorx.com/api/v1/calc/pump-power",
  "schema_input": "https://www.calculatorx.com/schemas/physics.fluid.pump.input.json",
  "schema_output": "https://www.calculatorx.com/schemas/physics.fluid.pump.output.json",
  "assumptions": [
    "Incompressible pump; P_h = ρ g Q H; P = P_h/η; default ρ=1000 kg/m³; η in (0, 1]",
    "Affinity: Q∝N D, H∝N² D², P∝N³ D³; geometrically similar; same fluid",
    "Not orifice, not weir, not Q=Av, not Darcy, not NPSH, not a catalog curve"
  ],
  "limitations": [
    "Incompressible pump; P_h = ρ g Q H; P = P_h/η; default ρ=1000 kg/m³; η in (0, 1]",
    "Affinity: Q∝N D, H∝N² D², P∝N³ D³; geometrically similar; same fluid",
    "Not orifice, not weir, not Q=Av, not Darcy, not NPSH, not a catalog curve"
  ],
  "boundary_conditions": [
    "missing Q+H, Q+P, H+P, or affinity N/D pairs → MISSING_REQUIRED_INPUT",
    "Q, H, P, η, ρ, N, or D ≤ 0 → VALUE_MUST_BE_POSITIVE",
    "η > 1 or shaft P < P_h → VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE",
    "Q+H+P+η, H and Δp, C_d, crest L, area A, or power mixed with N2 → MIXED_INPUT_ENCODING",
    "orifice, weir, Manning, Darcy, NPSH, or Q=Av as mode → INVALID_MODE"
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "ISO 9906 — Rotodynamic pumps — Hydraulic performance acceptance tests",
      "section": "Pump power and efficiency definitions",
      "url": "https://www.iso.org/standard/57605.html",
      "supports": "P_h = ρ g Q H; η = P_h / P for the overall pump",
      "kind": "standard"
    },
    {
      "title": "Stepanoff, A.J. Centrifugal and Axial Flow Pumps",
      "section": "Affinity laws",
      "supports": "Geometrically similar incompressible pumps: Q∝ND, H∝N²D², P∝N³D³",
      "kind": "reference"
    }
  ],
  "methods": [],
  "fingerprint": "sha256:803bc660ae11a3eccb9051978d7e55b96c0deddaa00724191ac1990413eeb0f7",
  "tests": [
    {
      "id": "golden-pump-power",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "golden",
      "inputs": {
        "Q": 0.05,
        "H": 20,
        "eta": 0.75
      },
      "expect": {
        "P": 13075.533333333333,
        "P_h": 9806.65,
        "eta": 0.75,
        "H": 20,
        "Q": 0.05,
        "mode": "power",
        "model": "pump"
      },
      "expectWarning": null,
      "actual": {
        "mode": "power",
        "Q": 0.05,
        "H": 20,
        "dP": 196133,
        "P_h": 9806.65,
        "P": 13075.533333333333,
        "eta": 0.75,
        "rho": 1000,
        "g": 9.80665,
        "model": "pump"
      },
      "tol": 1e-10
    },
    {
      "id": "boundary-pump-invert-h",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "boundary",
      "inputs": {
        "Q": 0.05,
        "P": 13075.533333333333,
        "eta": 0.75
      },
      "expect": {
        "H": 20,
        "model": "pump"
      },
      "expectWarning": null,
      "actual": {
        "mode": "power",
        "Q": 0.05,
        "H": 20,
        "dP": 196133,
        "P_h": 9806.65,
        "P": 13075.533333333333,
        "eta": 0.75,
        "rho": 1000,
        "g": 9.80665,
        "model": "pump"
      },
      "tol": 1e-10
    },
    {
      "id": "boundary-pump-eta",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "boundary",
      "inputs": {
        "Q": 0.05,
        "H": 20,
        "P": 13075.533333333333
      },
      "expect": {
        "eta": 0.75,
        "model": "pump"
      },
      "expectWarning": null,
      "actual": {
        "mode": "power",
        "Q": 0.05,
        "H": 20,
        "dP": 196133,
        "P_h": 9806.65,
        "P": 13075.533333333333,
        "eta": 0.75,
        "rho": 1000,
        "g": 9.80665,
        "model": "pump"
      },
      "tol": 1e-10
    },
    {
      "id": "boundary-pump-affinity",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "boundary",
      "inputs": {
        "mode": "affinity",
        "Q1": 0.05,
        "H1": 20,
        "P1": 13075.533333333333,
        "N1": 1450,
        "N2": 1740
      },
      "expect": {
        "Q2": 0.06,
        "H2": 28.799999999999997,
        "P2": 22594.5216,
        "n_ratio": 1.2,
        "model": "pump_affinity"
      },
      "expectWarning": null,
      "actual": {
        "mode": "affinity",
        "Q1": 0.05,
        "H1": 20,
        "Q2": 0.06,
        "H2": 28.799999999999997,
        "n_ratio": 1.2,
        "D_ratio": 1,
        "model": "pump_affinity",
        "N1": 1450,
        "N2": 1740,
        "P1": 13075.533333333333,
        "P2": 22594.521599999996
      },
      "tol": 1e-10
    },
    {
      "id": "boundary-pump-missing",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "boundary",
      "inputs": {
        "Q": 0.05
      },
      "expectError": "MISSING_REQUIRED_INPUT",
      "code": "MISSING_REQUIRED_INPUT",
      "error": "Need Q and H (or Δp), or Q and P, or H and P"
    },
    {
      "id": "boundary-pump-q0",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "boundary",
      "inputs": {
        "Q": 0,
        "H": 20
      },
      "expectError": "VALUE_MUST_BE_POSITIVE",
      "code": "VALUE_MUST_BE_POSITIVE",
      "error": "Q must be greater than zero"
    },
    {
      "id": "boundary-pump-mixed",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "boundary",
      "inputs": {
        "Q": 0.05,
        "H": 20,
        "P": 13075.533333333333,
        "eta": 0.75
      },
      "expectError": "MIXED_INPUT_ENCODING",
      "code": "MIXED_INPUT_ENCODING",
      "error": "Give Q+H (or Δp), Q+P, H+P, or Q+H+P without eta — not all of Q, H, P, and eta"
    },
    {
      "id": "boundary-pump-cd",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "boundary",
      "inputs": {
        "Q": 0.05,
        "H": 20,
        "Cd": 0.61
      },
      "expectError": "MIXED_INPUT_ENCODING",
      "code": "MIXED_INPUT_ENCODING",
      "error": "Pump does not take C_d. That is orifice or weir"
    },
    {
      "id": "boundary-pump-eta-range",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "boundary",
      "inputs": {
        "Q": 0.05,
        "H": 20,
        "eta": 1.2
      },
      "expectError": "VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE",
      "code": "VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE",
      "error": "eta must be ≤ 1"
    },
    {
      "id": "boundary-pump-orifice",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "boundary",
      "inputs": {
        "Q": 0.05,
        "H": 20,
        "mode": "orifice"
      },
      "expectError": "INVALID_MODE",
      "code": "INVALID_MODE",
      "error": "mode must be power|affinity. Not orifice, weir, Manning, Darcy, NPSH, or Q=Av"
    },
    {
      "id": "boundary-pump-npsh",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "boundary",
      "inputs": {
        "Q": 0.05,
        "H": 20,
        "mode": "npsh"
      },
      "expectError": "INVALID_MODE",
      "code": "INVALID_MODE",
      "error": "mode must be power|affinity. Not orifice, weir, Manning, Darcy, NPSH, or Q=Av"
    },
    {
      "id": "property-pump-p",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "property",
      "detail": "P=ρgQH/η",
      "expect": 13075.533333333333,
      "actual": 13075.533333333333
    },
    {
      "id": "property-pump-h",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "property",
      "detail": "H round-trip",
      "expect": 20,
      "actual": 20
    },
    {
      "id": "property-pump-aff",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "property",
      "detail": "Q∝N",
      "expect": 0.06,
      "actual": 0.06
    },
    {
      "id": "property-pump-eta",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "property",
      "detail": "eta 0.75",
      "expect": 0.75,
      "actual": 0.75
    },
    {
      "id": "property-pump-model",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "property",
      "detail": "pump",
      "expect": true,
      "actual": "pump"
    }
  ],
  "tier": "engine_tested",
  "verification": {
    "tests": {
      "passed": 16,
      "total": 16,
      "golden": 1,
      "boundary": 10,
      "property": 5
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